LNMP 手动部署完整指南

基于 LNMP 2.0 一键安装包逆向整理
所有配置文件和服务文件均可直接复制粘贴到终端创建

目录

  1. 系统兼容性矩阵
  2. 系统准备
  3. 创建用户和目录
  4. 编译安装依赖库
  5. 编译安装 Nginx
  6. 配置 Nginx
  7. 编译安装 MySQL/MariaDB
  8. 配置 MySQL/MariaDB
  9. 编译安装 PHP
  10. 配置 PHP-FPM
  11. 配置 php.ini
  12. 服务管理与开机自启
  13. MySQL 安全初始化
  14. 安装 phpMyAdmin
  15. 启动并验证

1. 系统兼容性矩阵

1.1 MySQL 版本与系统兼容性

源码编译MySQL 8.0需要 GCC 4.9+、内存≥8G
CentOS 7 建议使用二进制包安装MySQL 8.0（7.1节）
MySQL 版本CentOSDebian
MySQL 8.0710, 11, 12
MySQL 5.7710, 11, 12
MySQL 5.6710, 11
MySQL 5.5710, 11

1.2 PHP 版本与系统兼容性

PHP 版本CentOSDebian
PHP 8.2710, 11, 12
PHP 8.1710, 11, 12
PHP 8.0710, 11
PHP 7.4710, 11
PHP 7.3710, 11
PHP 7.2710, 11
PHP 7.1710, 11
PHP 7.07无
PHP 5.67无
PHP 5.57无
PHP 5.47无
PHP 5.37无

1.3 推荐组合

场景推荐系统NginxMySQLPHP
新项目（推荐）Debian 11/121.28.08.0.448.2.30
兼容旧项目Debian 10, CentOS 71.28.05.7.447.4.33
很老的系统CentOS 71.28.05.6.515.6.40

2. 系统准备

2.1 设置时区

rm -rf /etc/localtime
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

2.2 卸载系统自带 Apache/PHP/MySQL

Debian/Ubuntu：

apt-get update -y
for pkg in apache2 apache2-doc apache2-utils php5 php5-common php5-cgi php5-cli php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd mysql-server mariadb-server; do apt-get purge -y $pkg; done
apt-get autoremove -y && apt-get clean

CentOS/RHEL：

yum -y remove httpd* php* mysql* mariadb*
yum clean all

2.3 安装编译依赖

Debian/Ubuntu：

apt-get update -y
apt-get -fy install
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
apt-get --no-install-recommends install -y build-essential gcc g++ make

for pkg in debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring cmake autoconf automake re2c wget cron bzip2 libzip-dev libc6-dev bison file flex m4 gawk less cpp binutils diffutils unzip tar bzip2 libbz2-dev libncurses5 libncurses5-dev libtool libevent-dev openssl libssl-dev zlibc libsasl2-dev libltdl3-dev libltdl-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-dev libpng3 libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libkrb5-dev curl libcurl4-openssl-dev libpcre3-dev libpq-dev gettext libxml2-dev libcap-dev ca-certificates libc-client2007e-dev psmisc patch git libc-ares-dev libicu-dev e2fsprogs libxslt1.1 libxslt1-dev libc-client-dev xz-utils libexpat1-dev libaio-dev libtirpc-dev libsqlite3-dev libonig-dev lsof pkg-config libtinfo-dev libnuma-dev libwebp-dev gnutls-dev iproute2 gzip libsodium-dev; do
    apt-get --no-install-recommends install -y $pkg
done

CentOS/RHEL：

⚠️ CentOS 7 的默认 yum 源缺少 oniguruma-devel，需要先安装 EPEL 源，否则编译 PHP 7.4+ 时会报 Package 'oniguruma' not found。
# CentOS 7 需要先启用 EPEL 源（其他版本跳过此步）
yum -y install epel-release

for pkg in make cmake gcc gcc-c++ kernel-headers glibc-headers flex bison file libtool autoconf patch wget crontabs libjpeg-turbo-devel libpng libpng-devel gd gd-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glib2 glib2-devel unzip tar bzip2 bzip2-devel libzip-devel libevent libevent-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel libcurl libcurl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel gettext gettext-devel ncurses-devel gmp-devel unzip libcap diffutils ca-certificates net-tools libc-client-devel psmisc libXpm-devel git-core c-ares-devel libicu-devel libxslt libxslt-devel xz expat-devel libaio-devel libtirpc-devel perl cyrus-sasl-devel sqlite-devel oniguruma-devel lsof re2c pkg-config libarchive hostname numactl-devel libwebp-devel gnutls-devel initscripts iproute; do
    yum -y install $pkg
done

2.4 系统优化

# 库搜索路径
cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << 'EOF'
/lib
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
/usr/local/lib
EOF
ldconfig

# 64位系统符号链接
[ -d /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu ] && ln -sf /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng* /usr/lib/
[ -d /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu ] && ln -sf /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg* /usr/lib/

# 文件描述符限制
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << 'EOF'
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
EOF

echo "fs.file-max=65535" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

# 禁用 SELinux（CentOS/RHEL）
if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ]; then
    setenforce 0
    sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
fi

2.5 添加 Swap（内存 < 2GB 建议）

SWAP_TOTAL=$(awk '/SwapTotal/ {printf "%d", $2/1024}' /proc/meminfo)
if [ "$SWAP_TOTAL" -le 512 ] && [ ! -f /var/swapfile ]; then
    dd if=/dev/zero of=/var/swapfile bs=1M count=2048
    chmod 0600 /var/swapfile
    mkswap /var/swapfile
    swapon /var/swapfile
    echo "/var/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
    sysctl vm.swappiness=10
fi

3. 创建用户和目录

groupadd www
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www www

groupadd mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql mysql

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/var
mkdir -p /usr/local/php
mkdir -p /usr/local/php/{etc,conf.d}
mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/default
mkdir -p /home/wwwlogs
mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/rewrite

chmod +w /home/wwwroot/default
chmod 777 /home/wwwlogs
chown -R www:www /home/wwwroot/default

mkdir -p /usr/local/src

4. 编译安装依赖库

4.1 libiconv

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.17.tar.gz
tar zxf libiconv-1.17.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.17
./configure --enable-static
make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd ..
rm -rf libiconv-1.17

4.2 libmcrypt

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
tar zxf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make -j$(nproc) && make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd ../..
rm -rf libmcrypt-2.5.8

ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ldconfig

4.3 mhash

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
tar jxf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
cd mhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd ..
rm -rf mhash-0.9.9.9

ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -sf /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ldconfig

4.4 mcrypt

如果你需要编译 PHP 5.x（5.2-5.6）并启用 mcrypt：

CentOS 6/7：

yum -y install libmcrypt-devel

Debian 10

apt -y install libmcrypt-dev

4.5 FreeType

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/freetype/files/freetype2/2.13.0/freetype-2.13.0.tar.xz
tar Jxf freetype-2.13.0.tar.xz
cd freetype-2.13.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype --enable-freetype-config
make -j$(nproc) && make install

[ -d /usr/lib/pkgconfig ] && cp /usr/local/freetype/lib/pkgconfig/freetype2.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/

cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/freetype.conf << 'EOF'
/usr/local/freetype/lib
EOF

ldconfig
ln -sf /usr/local/freetype/include/freetype2/* /usr/include/
cd ..
rm -rf freetype-2.13.0

4.6 PCRE（不安装，保留源码给 Nginx 编译用）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.45/pcre-8.45.tar.bz2
tar jxf pcre-8.45.tar.bz2

4.7 libzip（CentOS 7 编译 PHP 7.4+ 需要）

CentOS 7 自带 libzip 0.10.1，PHP 7.4+ 要求 libzip ≥ 0.11，需手动编译新版。
Rocky Linux 8+、Ubuntu 18.04+ 等系统自带的 libzip 版本足够，可跳过此步。
使用 libzip 1.3.2 + ./configure 编译，无需 cmake3，兼容 CentOS 7 环境。
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://libzip.org/download/libzip-1.3.2.tar.gz
tar zxf libzip-1.3.2.tar.gz
cd libzip-1.3.2
./configure
make -j$(nproc) && make install

# 更新库和 pkg-config 路径
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH
ldconfig
cd /usr/local/src
rm -rf libzip-1.3.2

5. 编译安装 Nginx

5.1 编译（所有版本通用）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz
tar zxf nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.28.0

./configure --user=www --group=www \
    --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
    --with-http_stub_status_module \
    --with-http_ssl_module \
    --with-http_v2_module \
    --with-http_gzip_static_module \
    --with-http_sub_module \
    --with-stream \
    --with-stream_ssl_module \
    --with-stream_ssl_preread_module \
    --with-http_realip_module \
    --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.45 \
    --with-pcre-jit

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd ..

ln -sf /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx

5.2 创建 Nginx 服务管理脚本

同时创建 init.d 和 systemd 服务文件，兼容 CentOS 6（SysVinit）和 CentOS 7+/Ubuntu 16.04+/Debian 8+（systemd）。

init.d 脚本（SysVinit / CentOS 6）：

cat > /etc/init.d/nginx << 'EOF'
#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
### END INIT INFO

NGINX_BIN='/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'
CONFIG='/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'

case "$1" in
    start)
        echo -n "Starting nginx... "
        PID=$(ps -ef | grep "$NGINX_BIN" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}')
        if [ "$PID" != "" ]; then
            echo "nginx (pid $PID) already running."
            exit 1
        fi
        $NGINX_BIN -c $CONFIG
        if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
            echo " failed"
            exit 1
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;
    stop)
        echo -n "Stopping nginx... "
        PID=$(ps -ef | grep "$NGINX_BIN" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}')
        if [ "$PID" = "" ]; then
            echo "nginx is not running."
            exit 1
        fi
        $NGINX_BIN -s stop
        if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
            echo " failed. Use force-quit"
            $0 force-quit
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;
    status)
        PID=$(ps -ef | grep "$NGINX_BIN" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}')
        if [ "$PID" != "" ]; then
            echo "nginx (pid $PID) is running..."
        else
            echo "nginx is stopped."
            exit 0
        fi
        ;;
    force-quit|kill)
        echo -n "Terminating nginx... "
        PID=$(ps -ef | grep "$NGINX_BIN" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}')
        if [ "$PID" = "" ]; then
            echo "nginx is not running."
            exit 1
        fi
        kill $PID
        if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
            echo " failed"
            exit 1
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;
    restart)
        $0 stop
        sleep 1
        $0 start
        ;;
    reload)
        echo -n "Reload nginx... "
        PID=$(ps -ef | grep "$NGINX_BIN" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}')
        if [ "$PID" != "" ]; then
            $NGINX_BIN -s reload
            echo " done"
        else
            echo "nginx is not running, can't reload."
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    configtest)
        echo -n "Test nginx configure files... "
        $NGINX_BIN -t
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|configtest|force-quit|kill}"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac
EOF
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

systemd 服务文件（CentOS 7+ / Ubuntu 16.04+ / Debian 8+）：

cat > /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

6. 配置 Nginx

6.1 主配置文件

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf << 'EOF'
user  www www;

worker_processes auto;
worker_cpu_affinity auto;

error_log  /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 51200;
        multi_accept off;
        accept_mutex off;
    }

http
    {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;

        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 50m;

        sendfile on;
        sendfile_max_chunk 512k;
        tcp_nopush on;

        keepalive_timeout 60;

        tcp_nodelay on;

        fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;

        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length  1k;
        gzip_buffers     4 16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types     text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/css application/xml application/xml+rss;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_proxied   expired no-cache no-store private auth;
        gzip_disable   "MSIE [1-6]\.";

        server_tokens off;
        access_log off;

server
    {
        listen 80 default_server;
        #listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
        server_name _;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root  /home/wwwroot/default;

        #error_page   404   /404.html;

        include enable-php.conf;

        location /nginx_status
        {
            stub_status on;
            access_log   off;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      12h;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known {
            allow all;
        }

        location ~ /\.
        {
            deny all;
        }

        access_log  /home/wwwlogs/access.log;
    }
include vhost/*.conf;
}
EOF

6.2 PHP FastCGI 配置

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/enable-php.conf << 'EOF'
        location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$)
        {
            try_files $uri =404;
            fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi.conf;
        }
EOF

6.3 PHP PathInfo 配置（PathInfo 模式需要）

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/enable-php-pathinfo.conf << 'EOF'
        location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$)
        {
            fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi.conf;
            include pathinfo.conf;
        }
EOF

6.4 PathInfo 解析配置

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/pathinfo.conf << 'EOF'
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO       $path_info;
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
EOF

6.5 fastcgi.conf 追加 open_basedir 安全限制

cat >> /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf << 'EOF'
fastcgi_param PHP_ADMIN_VALUE "open_basedir=$document_root/:/tmp/:/proc/";
EOF

6.6 网站根目录 .user.ini 安全文件

cat > /home/wwwroot/default/.user.ini << 'EOF'
open_basedir=/home/wwwroot/default:/tmp/:/proc/
EOF
chmod 644 /home/wwwroot/default/.user.ini
chattr +i /home/wwwroot/default/.user.ini

6.7 常用 Rewrite 规则

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/rewrite/wordpress.conf << 'EOF'
location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}
EOF

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/rewrite/laravel.conf << 'EOF'
location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}
EOF

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/rewrite/thinkphp.conf << 'EOF'
location / {
    if (!-e $request_filename){
        rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=$1 last;
        break;
    }
}
EOF

cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/rewrite/discuzx.conf << 'EOF'
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/topic-(.+)\.html$ $1/portal.php?mod=topic&topic=$2 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/article-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/portal.php?mod=view&aid=$2&page=$3 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/forum-(\w+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forum.php?mod=forumdisplay&fid=$2&page=$3 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=$2&extra=page%3D$4&page=$3 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/group-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forum.php?mod=group&fid=$2&page=$3 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/home.php?mod=space&$2=$3 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/blog-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/home.php?mod=space&uid=$2&do=blog&id=$3 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/(fid|tid)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/index.php?action=$2&value=$3 last;
rewrite ^([^\.]*)/([a-z]+[a-z0-9_]*)-([a-z0-9_\-]+)\.html$ $1/plugin.php?id=$2:$3 last;
if (!-e $request_filename) {
    return 404;
}
EOF

7. 编译安装 MySQL/MariaDB

根据需要的版本选择对应章节操作。
源码编译MySQL 8.0需要 GCC 4.9+、内存≥8G
CentOS 7 建议使用二进制包安装MySQL 8.0（7.1节）

7.1 MySQL 8.0.44（二进制包安装，推荐省时）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.44-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
tar Jxf mysql-8.0.44-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
mv mysql-8.0.44-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/

7.2 MySQL 8.0.44（源码编译）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.44.tar.gz
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.77.0/boost_1_77_0.tar.bz2
tar jxf boost_1_77_0.tar.bz2
tar zxf mysql-8.0.44.tar.gz
cd mysql-8.0.44

mkdir build && cd build
cmake .. \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
    -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
    -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
    -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
    -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
    -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/src/boost_1_77_0

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

7.3 MySQL 5.7.44（源码编译）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.44.tar.gz
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
tar zxf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
tar zxf mysql-5.7.44.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.44

# OpenSSL 3.0 系统需先编译 OpenSSL 1.1.1（见 7.8 节）
# 然后添加参数: -DWITH_SSL=/usr/local/openssl1.1.1

mkdir build && cd build
cmake .. \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
    -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
    -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
    -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
    -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
    -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/src/boost_1_59_0

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

7.4 MySQL 5.6.51（源码编译）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.6.51.tar.gz
tar zxf mysql-5.6.51.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.51

cmake \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
    -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
    -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
    -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
    -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

7.5 MySQL 5.5.62（源码编译）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.5.62.tar.gz
tar zxf mysql-5.5.62.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.62

cmake \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
    -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
    -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
    -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
    -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
    -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
    -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

7.6 MariaDB 10.6.25（源码编译）

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://archive.mariadb.org/mariadb-10.6.25/source/mariadb-10.6.25.tar.gz
tar zxf mariadb-10.6.25.tar.gz
cd mariadb-10.6.25

cmake \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mariadb \
    -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
    -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
    -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
    -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
    -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
    -DWITHOUT_TOKUDB=1

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

# 创建 MariaDB 用户
groupadd mariadb
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mariadb mariadb

7.7 MySQL/MariaDB 通用初始化

MySQL 5.7 / 8.0 初始化：

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/var
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/var

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure \
    --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
    --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var \
    --user=mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/var
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

# 以下 systemd 服务文件仅 systemd 系统需要（CentOS 7+、Debian 8+、Ubuntu 16.04+），CentOS 6 跳过此步
cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Community Server
After=network.target syslog.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysql start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/mysql stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysql reload
Restart=no
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

MySQL 5.5 / 5.6 初始化：

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/var
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/var

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \
    --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
    --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var \
    --user=mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/var
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

# 以下 systemd 服务文件仅 systemd 系统需要（CentOS 7+、Debian 8+、Ubuntu 16.04+），CentOS 6 跳过此步
cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Community Server
After=network.target syslog.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysql start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/mysql stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysql reload
Restart=no
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

MariaDB 初始化：

chown -R mariadb:mariadb /usr/local/mariadb
mkdir -p /usr/local/mariadb/var
chown -R mariadb:mariadb /usr/local/mariadb/var

/usr/local/mariadb/scripts/mysql_install_db \
    --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb \
    --datadir=/usr/local/mariadb/var \
    --user=mariadb

chown -R mariadb:mariadb /usr/local/mariadb/var
cp /usr/local/mariadb/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mariadb

# 以下 systemd 服务文件仅 systemd 系统需要（CentOS 7+、Debian 8+、Ubuntu 16.04+），CentOS 6 跳过此步
cat > /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=MariaDB Database Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mariadb start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/mariadb stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mariadb reload
Restart=no
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

库路径配置（MySQL）：

cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf << 'EOF'
/usr/local/mysql/lib
/usr/local/lib
EOF
ldconfig

ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/mysqldump
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/myisamchk /usr/bin/myisamchk
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlcheck /usr/bin/mysqlcheck

库路径配置（MariaDB）：

cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mariadb.conf << 'EOF'
/usr/local/mariadb/lib
/usr/local/lib
EOF
ldconfig

ln -sf /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
ln -sf /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/mysqldump
ln -sf /usr/local/mariadb/bin/myisamchk /usr/bin/myisamchk
ln -sf /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/bin/mysqld_safe
ln -sf /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqlcheck /usr/bin/mysqlcheck

7.8 OpenSSL 1.1.1 编译（旧版 PHP/MySQL 在 OpenSSL 3.0 系统上需要）

如果系统是 OpenSSL 3.0（如 Ubuntu 22.04+、CentOS 9 Stream），编译 PHP ≤ 7.1 或 MySQL 5.6/5.7 时需要先编译旧版 OpenSSL。
cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1u.tar.gz
tar zxf openssl-1.1.1u.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.1u
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl1.1.1 --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl1.1.1 shared zlib
make -j$(nproc) && make install

echo "/usr/local/openssl1.1.1/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/openssl.conf
ldconfig

8. 配置 MySQL/MariaDB

8.1 MySQL 8.0 配置文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf << 'EOF'
[client]
#password   = your_password
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/var
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 8
tmp_table_size = 16M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 500

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
#skip-networking
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password

log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id   = 1
binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 864000
early-plugin-load = ""

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
EOF

8.2 MySQL 5.7 配置文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf << 'EOF'
[client]
#password   = your_password
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/var
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 500

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
#skip-networking
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535

log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id   = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
early-plugin-load = ""

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
EOF

8.3 MySQL 5.6 配置文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf << 'EOF'
[client]
#password   = your_password
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/var
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 500

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
#skip-networking
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535

log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id   = 1
expire_logs_days = 10

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
EOF

8.4 MySQL 5.5 配置文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf << 'EOF'
[client]
#password   = your_password
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
datadir     = /usr/local/mysql/var
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 500

#skip-networking
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535

log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id   = 1
expire_logs_days = 10

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
EOF

8.5 MariaDB 配置文件

cat > /etc/my.cnf << 'EOF'
[client]
#password   = your_password
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
user        = mariadb
basedir     = /usr/local/mariadb
datadir     = /usr/local/mariadb/var
log_error   = /usr/local/mariadb/var/mariadb.err
pid-file    = /usr/local/mariadb/var/mariadb.pid
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535

log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id   = 1
expire_logs_days = 10

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mariadb/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mariadb/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
EOF

8.6 根据服务器内存调整参数

注意： MySQL 8.0 移除了 query_cache_size，8.0 的配置中不要包含此参数。

修改 /etc/my.cnf 中对应值：

1-2G 内存配置

key_buffer_size = 32M
table_open_cache = 128
sort_buffer_size = 768K
read_buffer_size = 768K
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_size = 16M
tmp_table_size = 32M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 1000

2-4G 内存配置

key_buffer_size = 64M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
thread_cache_size = 32
query_cache_size = 32M
tmp_table_size = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 2000

4-8G 内存配置

key_buffer_size = 128M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
query_cache_size = 64M
tmp_table_size = 64M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 4000

8-16G 内存配置

key_buffer_size = 256M
table_open_cache = 1024
sort_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 128
query_cache_size = 128M
tmp_table_size = 128M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 6000

16-32G 内存配置

key_buffer_size = 512M
table_open_cache = 2048
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 256
query_cache_size = 256M
tmp_table_size = 256M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 8000

32G+ 内存配置

key_buffer_size = 1024M
table_open_cache = 4096
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 16M
thread_cache_size = 512
query_cache_size = 512M
tmp_table_size = 512M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4096M
innodb_log_file_size = 1024M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 10000

9. 编译安装 PHP

根据需要的版本选择对应章节操作。
注意 PHP 版本与系统兼容性，参见第 1 节兼容性矩阵。

9.1 PHP 8.2.30

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.2.30.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-8.2.30.tar.bz2
cd php-8.2.30

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv=/usr/local \
    --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg \
    --with-zlib \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-ftp \
    --enable-gd \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl \
    --with-pear \
    --with-webp \
    --enable-exif \
    --with-sodium   # CentOS 7 请去掉此行

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.2 PHP 8.1.34

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.1.34.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-8.1.34.tar.bz2
cd php-8.1.34

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv=/usr/local \
    --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg \
    --with-zlib \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-ftp \
    --enable-gd \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl \
    --with-pear \
    --with-webp \
    --enable-exif \
    --with-sodium   # CentOS 7/Debian 10 请去掉此行

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.3 PHP 8.0.30

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-8.0.30.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-8.0.30.tar.bz2
cd php-8.0.30

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv=/usr/local \
    --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg \
    --with-zlib \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-ftp \
    --enable-gd \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl \
    --with-pear \
    --with-webp \
    --enable-exif \
    --with-sodium   # CentOS 7/Debian 10 请去掉此行

# CentOS 7/Debian 10 使用以下命令编译安装
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.4 PHP 7.4.33

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.33.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-7.4.33.tar.bz2
cd php-7.4.33

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg \
    --with-png \
    --with-zlib \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-ftp \
    --enable-gd \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --with-zip \
    --without-libzip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl \
    --with-pear \
    --with-webp \
    --enable-exif \
    --with-sodium   # CentOS 7/Debian 10 请去掉此行

# CentOS 7/Debian 10,11 使用以下命令编译安装
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.5 PHP 7.3.33

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.33.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-7.3.33.tar.bz2
cd php-7.3.33

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --without-libzip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl \
    --with-pear \
    --enable-exif \
    --with-sodium   # CentOS 7/Debian 10,11 请去掉此行

# CentOS 7/Debian 10,11 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.6 PHP 7.2.34

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.34.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-7.2.34.tar.bz2
cd php-7.2.34

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl \
    --enable-exif \
    --with-sodium   # CentOS 7/Debian 10,11 请去掉此行

# CentOS 7/Debian 10,11 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.7 PHP 7.1.33

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.33.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-7.1.33.tar.bz2
cd php-7.1.33

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --with-mcrypt \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --enable-gd-native-ttf \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl \
    --enable-exif

# CentOS 7/Debian 10,11 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.8 PHP 7.0.33

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.0.33.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-7.0.33.tar.bz2
cd php-7.0.33

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --enable-mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --enable-intl \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --with-mcrypt \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --enable-gd-native-ttf \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --with-xsl

# CentOS 7 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.9 PHP 5.6.40

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.40.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-5.6.40.tar.bz2
cd php-5.6.40

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --with-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --with-mcrypt \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --enable-gd-native-ttf \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --enable-intl \
    --with-xsl

# CentOS 7 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.10 PHP 5.5.38

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.38.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-5.5.38.tar.bz2
cd php-5.5.38

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --with-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --with-mcrypt \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --enable-gd-native-ttf \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-opcache \
    --enable-intl \
    --with-xsl

# CentOS 7 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.11 PHP 5.4.45

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.45.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-5.4.45.tar.bz2
cd php-5.4.45

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --with-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --with-mcrypt \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --enable-gd-native-ttf \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext \
    --enable-intl \
    --with-xsl

# CentOS 7 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.12 PHP 5.3.29

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.29.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-5.3.29.tar.bz2
cd php-5.3.29

./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/conf.d \
    --enable-fpm \
    --with-fpm-user=www \
    --with-fpm-group=www \
    --with-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
    --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
    --with-iconv-dir \
    --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype \
    --with-jpeg-dir \
    --with-png-dir \
    --with-zlib \
    --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
    --enable-xml \
    --disable-rpath \
    --enable-magic-quotes \
    --enable-safe-mode \
    --enable-bcmath \
    --enable-shmop \
    --enable-sysvsem \
    --enable-inline-optimization \
    --with-curl \
    --enable-mbregex \
    --enable-mbstring \
    --with-mcrypt \
    --enable-ftp \
    --with-gd \
    --enable-gd-native-ttf \
    --with-openssl \
    --with-mhash \
    --enable-pcntl \
    --enable-sockets \
    --with-xmlrpc \
    --enable-zip \
    --enable-soap \
    --with-gettext

# CentOS 7 使用以下命令编译安装
make EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv -ldl -lm -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lresolv -lxslt -lexslt -lexpat -lxml2 -lmcrypt -lfreetype -lpng -ljpeg -lcurl -licui18n -licuuc -licudata -licuio -lstdc++' -j$(nproc) && make install

make -j$(nproc) && make install
cd /usr/local/src

9.13 PHP 编译通用后续步骤

ln -sf /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/bin/php
ln -sf /usr/local/php/bin/phpize /usr/bin/phpize
ln -sf /usr/local/php/bin/pear /usr/bin/pear
ln -sf /usr/local/php/bin/pecl /usr/bin/pecl
ln -sf /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /usr/bin/php-fpm

# 找到PHP源码目录（只找目录，排除压缩文件）
PHP_SRC=$(find /usr/local/src -maxdepth 1 -type d -name 'php-*' | grep -v '\.tar' | tail -1)

echo "PHP源码目录: $PHP_SRC"
cp ${PHP_SRC}/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cp ${PHP_SRC}/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

# 以下 systemd 服务文件仅 systemd 系统需要（CentOS 7+、Debian 8+、Ubuntu 16.04+），CentOS 6 跳过此步
cat > /etc/systemd/system/php-fpm.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
PIDFile=/usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize --fpm-config /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

10. 配置 PHP-FPM

10.1 PHP-FPM 配置文件（所有 PHP 版本通用）

cat > /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf << 'EOF'
[global]
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log
log_level = notice

[www]
listen = /tmp/php-cgi.sock
listen.backlog = -1
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0666
user = www
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 10
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 6
pm.max_requests = 1024
pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s
request_terminate_timeout = 100
request_slowlog_timeout = 0
slowlog = var/log/slow.log
EOF

10.2 根据服务器内存调整 PHP-FPM 进程数

内存max_childrenstart_serversmin_spare_serversmax_spare_servers
≤1G10216
1-2G20101020
2-4G40202040
4-8G60303060
8G+80404080

11. 配置 php.ini

sed -i 's/post_max_size =.*/post_max_size = 50M/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/upload_max_filesize =.*/upload_max_filesize = 50M/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/;date.timezone =.*/date.timezone = PRC/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/short_open_tag =.*/short_open_tag = On/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/;cgi.fix_pathinfo=.*/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/max_execution_time =.*/max_execution_time = 300/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's/disable_functions =.*/disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,popen,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server/' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

11.1 配置 pear/pecl

pear config-set php_ini /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
pecl config-set php_ini /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

11.2 安装 Composer（可选）

wget -O /usr/local/bin/composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/composer.phar
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer

12. 服务管理与开机自启

前面各组件安装步骤中已同时创建了 init.d 脚本和 systemd 服务文件。本节根据系统类型自动选择正确的方式启用开机自启。

  • systemd 系统（CentOS 7+、Ubuntu 16.04+、Debian 8+）：使用 systemctl enable
  • SysVinit 系统（CentOS 6）：使用 chkconfig
  • Debian/Ubuntu 非 systemd：使用 update-rc.d

12.1 启用开机自启

systemd 系统（CentOS 7+、Ubuntu 16.04+、Debian 8+）：

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl enable php-fpm
# 使用 MySQL 时：
systemctl enable mysql
# 使用 MariaDB 时：
systemctl enable mariadb

CentOS 6（SysVinit）：

chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
chkconfig --add php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysql on
# 使用 MariaDB 时改为：
chkconfig --add mariadb && chkconfig mariadb on

Debian/Ubuntu 非 systemd：

update-rc.d -f nginx defaults
update-rc.d -f php-fpm defaults
update-rc.d -f mysql defaults
# 使用 MariaDB 时改为：
update-rc.d -f mariadb defaults

12.2 服务管理命令

systemd 系统（CentOS 7+、Ubuntu 16.04+、Debian 8+）：

# Nginx
systemctl start nginx
systemctl stop nginx
systemctl reload nginx
systemctl restart nginx
systemctl status nginx

# PHP-FPM
systemctl start php-fpm
systemctl stop php-fpm
systemctl restart php-fpm
systemctl reload php-fpm
systemctl status php-fpm

# MySQL
systemctl start mysql
systemctl stop mysql
systemctl restart mysql
systemctl reload mysql
systemctl status mysql

# MariaDB
systemctl start mariadb
systemctl stop mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb
systemctl status mariadb

SysVinit 系统（CentOS 6 等）：

# Nginx
/etc/init.d/nginx start
/etc/init.d/nginx stop
/etc/init.d/nginx reload
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
/etc/init.d/nginx status

# PHP-FPM
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
/etc/init.d/php-fpm stop
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
/etc/init.d/php-fpm status

# MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysql start
/etc/init.d/mysql stop
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
/etc/init.d/mysql status

# MariaDB
/etc/init.d/mariadb start
/etc/init.d/mariadb stop
/etc/init.d/mariadb restart
/etc/init.d/mariadb status

13. MySQL 安全初始化

# 启动 MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysql start
# 或 systemd 系统：
systemctl start mysql
sleep 2

# 设置 root 密码（请替换 YOUR_PASSWORD）
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD="YOUR_PASSWORD"

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}"

# 安全加固
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p"${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}" -e "
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';
DROP USER IF EXISTS ''@'%';
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host NOT IN ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1');
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
"

# 安全加固（5.5/5.6 不支持 DROP USER IF EXISTS，用 DELETE 替代）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p"${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}" -e "
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='';
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='' AND Host != 'localhost';
DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host NOT IN ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '::1');
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
"

/etc/init.d/mysql restart
# 或 systemd 系统：
systemctl restart mysql

14. 安装 phpMyAdmin

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/5.2.3/phpMyAdmin-5.2.3-all-languages.tar.xz
tar Jxf phpMyAdmin-5.2.3-all-languages.tar.xz
mv phpMyAdmin-5.2.3-all-languages /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin

BLOWFISH_SECRET=$(head -c 32 /dev/urandom | base64 | head -c 32)

cat > /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php << EOF
<?php
\$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '${BLOWFISH_SECRET}';
\$i = 0;
\$i++;
\$cfg['Servers'][\$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
\$cfg['Servers'][\$i]['host'] = 'localhost';
\$cfg['Servers'][\$i]['compress'] = false;
\$cfg['Servers'][\$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;
\$cfg['UploadDir'] = 'upload';
\$cfg['SaveDir'] = 'save';
?>
EOF

mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin/{upload,save}
chmod 755 -R /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin/
chown www:www -R /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin/

cat > /home/wwwroot/default/phpinfo.php << 'EOF'
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
EOF

chown www:www /home/wwwroot/default/phpinfo.php

15. 启动并验证

15.1 启动所有服务

/etc/init.d/nginx start
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
/etc/init.d/mysql start       或 /etc/init.d/mariadb start

# systemd 系统：
systemctl start nginx
systemctl start php-fpm
systemctl start mysql       或 systemctl start mariadb

15.2 检查状态

/etc/init.d/nginx status
/etc/init.d/php-fpm status
/etc/init.d/mysql status

# systemd 系统：
systemctl status nginx
systemctl status php-fpm
systemctl status mysql

ss -ntl | grep -E '80|3306'
php -v
nginx -t
curl -I http://localhost/phpinfo.php

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