Zabbix数据库表分区
共有四个存储过程
- partition_create - 这将在给定模式中的给定表上创建一个分区。
- partition_drop - 这将删除给定模式中给定表上给定时间戳的分区。
- partition_maintenance - 此功能是用户调用的。它负责解析给定的参数，然后根据需要创建/删除分区。
- partition_verify - 检查给定模式中给定表上是否启用了分区。如果没有启用，它将创建一个单独的分区。
1. 创建存储过程SQL脚本，内容如下
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_create`(SCHEMANAME varchar(64), TABLENAME varchar(64), PARTITIONNAME varchar(64), CLOCK int)
BEGIN
/*
SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
PARTITIONNAME = The name of the partition to create
*/
/*
Verify that the partition does not already exist
*/
DECLARE RETROWS INT;
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;
IF RETROWS = 0 THEN
/*
1. Print a message indicating that a partition was created.
2. Create the SQL to create the partition.
3. Execute the SQL from #2.
*/
SELECT CONCAT( "partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME, ",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg;
SET @sql = CONCAT( 'ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ', PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' );
PREPARE STMT FROM @sql;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT)
BEGIN
/*
SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Delete any partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd)
*/
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);
/*
Get a list of all the partitions that are older than the date
in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE. All partitions are prefixed with
a "p", so use SUBSTRING TO get rid of that character.
*/
DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT partition_name
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) AS UNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
/*
Create the basics for when we need to drop the partition. Also, create
@drop_partitions to hold a comma-delimited list of all partitions that
should be deleted.
*/
SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION ");
SET @drop_partitions = "";
/*
Start looping through all the partitions that are too old.
*/
OPEN myCursor;
read_loop: LOOP
FETCH myCursor INTO drop_part_name;
IF done THEN
LEAVE read_loop;
END IF;
SET @drop_partitions = IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions, ",", drop_part_name));
END LOOP;
IF @drop_partitions != "" THEN
/*
1. Build the SQL to drop all the necessary partitions.
2. Run the SQL to drop the partitions.
3. Print out the table partitions that were deleted.
*/
SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header, @drop_partitions, ";");
PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`;
ELSE
/*
No partitions are being deleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate
that no changes were made.
*/
SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32), KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT)
BEGIN
DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE OLD_PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT;
DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;
CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL);
SET CUR_TIME = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));
SET @__interval = 1;
create_loop: LOOP
IF @__interval > CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN
LEAVE create_loop;
END IF;
SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP = CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600);
SET PARTITION_NAME = FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval - 1) * 3600, 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
IF(PARTITION_NAME != OLD_PARTITION_NAME) THEN
CALL partition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP);
END IF;
SET @__interval=@__interval+1;
SET OLD_PARTITION_NAME = PARTITION_NAME;
END LOOP;
SET OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYS DAY), '%Y%m%d0000');
CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11))
BEGIN
DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
DECLARE RETROWS INT(11);
DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;
/*
* Check if any partitions exist for the given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME.
*/
SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
FROM information_schema.partitions
WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND table_name = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;
/*
* If partitions do not exist, go ahead and partition the table
*/
IF RETROWS = 1 THEN
/*
* Take the current date at 00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it. This is the timestamp below which we will store values.
* We begin partitioning based on the beginning of a day. This is because we don't want to generate a random partition
* that won't necessarily fall in line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24 hours, we could
* end up creating a partition now named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like "p201403280000").
*/
SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ", '00:00:00'));
SET PARTITION_NAME = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
-- Create the partitioning query
SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)");
SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUES LESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");
-- Run the partitioning query
PREPARE STMT FROM @__PARTITION_SQL;
EXECUTE STMT;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
END IF;
END$$
DELIMITER ;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE PROCEDURE`partition_maintenance_all`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32))
BEGIN
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_log', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_str', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_text', 7, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_uint', 30, 24, 7);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends', 730, 24, 14);
CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends_uint', 730, 24, 14);
END$$
DELIMITER ;2. 将上一步创建的SQL导入数据库
3. 执行存储过程mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix')" &> /root/partition.log
执行完成后查看表结构出现多个PARTITION表示成功
mysql> show create table history\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: history
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `history` (
`itemid` bigint unsigned NOT NULL,
`clock` int NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`value` double NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`ns` int NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
KEY `history_1` (`itemid`,`clock`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_bin
/*!50100 PARTITION BY RANGE (`clock`)
(PARTITION p202403210000 VALUES LESS THAN (1711036800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202403220000 VALUES LESS THAN (1711123200) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202403230000 VALUES LESS THAN (1711209600) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202403240000 VALUES LESS THAN (1711296000) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202403250000 VALUES LESS THAN (1711382400) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202403260000 VALUES LESS THAN (1711468800) ENGINE = InnoDB,
PARTITION p202403270000 VALUES LESS THAN (1711555200) ENGINE = InnoDB) */
1 row in set (0.00 sec)4. 修改管家设置
Zabbix前端->管理->一般->管家，取消勾选“历史记录”和“趋势”的“开启内部管家”
5. 编写脚本，使用Cron每天执行
#!/bin/bash
#
tmpfile=/tmp/partition_$$
/bin/date > $tmpfile
/bin/mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');" >>$tmpfile 2>&1
/bin/rm -f $tmpfile其他问题
如果在首次执行存储过程时提示“The total number of locks exceeds the lock table size”，需要修改缓冲池大小
使用以下命令查询缓冲池大小show variables like "innodb_buffer_pool%";
innodb_buffer_pool_size就是缓冲池大小，单位是字节，可以将缓冲池调整到1073741824，然后重启MySQL
来源：
https://www.cnblogs.com/baixisuozai/p/15306429.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/zhyp/p/17403898.html